Excel functions (alphabetical)

Click a letter to go to functions that start with it. Or press Ctrl+F to find a function by typing the first few letters or a descriptive word. To get detailed information about a function, click its name in the first column.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M

N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Note: Version markers indicate the version of Excel a function was introduced. These functions aren't available in earlier versions.

Important: The calculated results of formulas and some Excel worksheet functions may differ slightly between a Windows PC using x86 or x86-64 architecture and a Windows RT PC using ARM architecture. Learn more about the differences.

Function name	Type and description
ABS	Math and trigonometry: Returns the absolute value of a number
ACCRINT	Financial: Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest
ACCRINTM	Financial: Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity
ACOS	Math and trigonometry: Returns the arccosine of a number
ACOSH	Math and trigonometry: Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
ACOT (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the arccotangent of a number
ACOTH (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number
AGGREGATE	Math and trigonometry: Returns an aggregate in a list or database
ADDRESS	Lookup and reference: Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet
AMORDEGRC	Financial: Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient
AMORLINC	Financial: Returns the depreciation for each accounting period
AND	Logical: Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE
ARABIC (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number
AREAS	Lookup and reference: Returns the number of areas in a reference
ARRAYTOTEXT (2021)	Text: Returns an array of text values from any specified range
ASC	Text: Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters
ASIN	Math and trigonometry: Returns the arcsine of a number
ASINH	Math and trigonometry: Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
ATAN	Math and trigonometry: Returns the arctangent of a number
ATAN2	Math and trigonometry: Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates
ATANH	Math and trigonometry: Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
AVEDEV	Statistical: Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean
AVERAGE	Statistical: Returns the average of its arguments
AVERAGEA	Statistical: Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
AVERAGEIF	Statistical: Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria
AVERAGEIFS	Statistical: Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria.
BAHTTEXT	Text: Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format
BASE	Math and trigonometry: Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base)
BESSELI	Engineering: Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)
BESSELJ	Engineering: Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)
BESSELK	Engineering: Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)
BESSELY	Engineering: Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)
BETADIST	Compatibility: Returns the beta cumulative distribution function
BETA.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the beta cumulative distribution function
BETAINV	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution
BETA.INVn (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution
BIN2DEC	Engineering: Converts a binary number to decimal
BIN2HEX	Engineering: Converts a binary number to hexadecimal
BIN2OCT	Engineering: Converts a binary number to octal
BINOMDIST	Compatibility: Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
BINOM.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
BINOM.DIST.RANGE (2013)	Statistical: Returns the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution
BINOM.INV (2010)	Statistical: Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value
BITAND (2013)	Engineering: Returns a 'Bitwise And' of two numbers
BITLSHIFT (2013)	Engineering: Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits
BITOR (2013)	Engineering: Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers
BITRSHIFT (2013)	Engineering: Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits
BITXOR (2013)	Engineering: Returns a bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of two numbers
BYCOL (2024)	Logical: Applies a LAMBDA to each column and returns an array of the results
BYROW (2024)	Logical: Applies a LAMBDA to each row and returns an array of the results
CALL	Add-in and Automation: Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource
CEILING	Compatibility: Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.MATH (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.PRECISE	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
CELL	Information: Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell This function is not available in Excel for the web.
CHAR	Text: Returns the character specified by the code number
CHIDIST	Compatibility: Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHIINV	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHITEST	Compatibility: Returns the test for independence
CHISQ.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
CHISQ.DIST.RT (2010)	Statistical: Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHISQ.INV (2010)	Statistical: Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
CHISQ.INV.RT (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHISQ.TEST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the test for independence
CHOOSE	Lookup and reference: Chooses a value from a list of values
CHOOSECOLS (2024)	Lookup and reference: Returns the specified columns from an array
CHOOSEROWS (2024)	Lookup and reference: Returns the specified rows from an array
CLEAN	Text: Removes all nonprintable characters from text
CODE	Text: Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string
COLUMN	Lookup and reference: Returns the column number of a reference
COLUMNS	Lookup and reference: Returns the number of columns in a reference
COMBIN	Math and trigonometry: Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects
COMBINA (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items
COMPLEX	Engineering: Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number
CONCAT (2019)	Text: Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings, but it doesn't provide the delimiter or IgnoreEmpty arguments.
CONCATENATE	Text: Joins several text items into one text item
CONFIDENCE	Compatibility: Returns the confidence interval for a population mean
CONFIDENCE.NORM (2010)	Statistical: Returns the confidence interval for a population mean
CONFIDENCE.T (2010)	Statistical: Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student's t distribution
CONVERT	Engineering: Converts a number from one measurement system to another
CORREL	Statistical: Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets
COS	Math and trigonometry: Returns the cosine of a number
COSH	Math and trigonometry: Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
COT (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
COTH (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the cotangent of an angle
COUNT	Statistical: Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments
COUNTA	Statistical: Counts how many values are in the list of arguments
COUNTBLANK	Statistical: Counts the number of blank cells within a range
COUNTIF	Statistical: Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria
COUNTIFS	Statistical: Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria
COUPDAYBS	Financial: Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date
COUPDAYS	Financial: Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date
COUPDAYSNC	Financial: Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date
COUPNCD	Financial: Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date
COUPNUM	Financial: Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date
COUPPCD	Financial: Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date
COVAR	Compatibility: Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations
COVARIANCE.P (2010)	Statistical: Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations
COVARIANCE.S (2010)	Statistical: Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products deviations for each data point pair in two data sets
CRITBINOM	Compatibility: Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value
CSC (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the cosecant of an angle
CSCH (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle
CUBEKPIMEMBER	Cube: Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) name, property, and measure, and displays the name and property in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, used to monitor an organization's performance.
CUBEMEMBER	Cube: Returns a member or tuple in a cube hierarchy. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in the cube.
CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY	Cube: Returns the value of a member property in the cube. Use to validate that a member name exists within the cube and to return the specified property for this member.
CUBERANKEDMEMBER	Cube: Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or top 10 students.
CUBESET	Cube: Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Office Excel.
CUBESETCOUNT	Cube: Returns the number of items in a set.
CUBEVALUE	Cube: Returns an aggregated value from a cube.
CUMIPMT	Financial: Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods
CUMPRINC	Financial: Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods
DATE	Date and time: Returns the serial number of a particular date
DATEDIF	Date and time: Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates. This function is useful in formulas where you need to calculate an age.
DATEVALUE	Date and time: Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number
DAVERAGE	Database: Returns the average of selected database entries
DAY	Date and time: Converts a serial number to a day of the month
DAYS (2013)	Date and time: Returns the number of days between two dates
DAYS360	Date and time: Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year
DB	Financial: Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method
DBCS (2013)	Text: Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters
DCOUNT	Database: Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database
DCOUNTA	Database: Counts nonblank cells in a database
DDB	Financial: Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify
DEC2BIN	Engineering: Converts a decimal number to binary
DEC2HEX	Engineering: Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal
DEC2OCT	Engineering: Converts a decimal number to octal
DECIMAL (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number
DEGREES	Math and trigonometry: Converts radians to degrees
DELTA	Engineering: Tests whether two values are equal
DETECTLANGUAGE (Microsoft 365)	Text: Identifies the language of a specified text
DEVSQ	Statistical: Returns the sum of squares of deviations
DGET	Database: Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria
DISC	Financial: Returns the discount rate for a security
DMAX	Database: Returns the maximum value from selected database entries
DMIN	Database: Returns the minimum value from selected database entries
DOLLAR	Text: Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format
DOLLARDE	Financial: Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number
DOLLARFR	Financial: Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction
DPRODUCT	Database: Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database
DROP (2024)	Lookup and reference: Excludes a specified number of rows or columns from the start or end of an array
DSTDEV	Database: Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries
DSTDEVP	Database: Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries
DSUM	Database: Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria
DURATION	Financial: Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments
DVAR	Database: Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries
DVARP	Database: Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries
EDATE	Date and time: Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date
EFFECT	Financial: Returns the effective annual interest rate
ENCODEURL (2013)	Web: Returns a URL-encoded string This function is not available in Excel for the web.
EOMONTH	Date and time: Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months
ERF	Engineering: Returns the error function
ERF.PRECISE (2010)	Engineering: Returns the error function
ERFC	Engineering: Returns the complementary error function
ERFC.PRECISE (2010)	Engineering: Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity
ERROR.TYPE	Information: Returns a number corresponding to an error type
EUROCONVERT	Add-in and Automation: Converts a number to euros, converts a number from euros to a euro member currency, or converts a number from one euro member currency to another by using the euro as an intermediary (triangulation).
EVEN	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
EXACT	Text: Checks to see if two text values are identical
EXP	Math and trigonometry: Returns e raised to the power of a given number
EXPAND (2024)	Lookup and reference: Expands or pads an array to specified row and column dimensions
EXPON.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the exponential distribution
EXPONDIST	Compatibility: Returns the exponential distribution
FACT	Math and trigonometry: Returns the factorial of a number
FACTDOUBLE	Math and trigonometry: Returns the double factorial of a number
FALSE	Logical: Returns the logical value FALSE
F.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the F probability distribution
FDIST	Compatibility: Returns the F probability distribution
F.DIST.RT (2010)	Statistical: Returns the F probability distribution
FILTER (2021)	Lookup and reference: Filters a range of data based on criteria you define
FILTERXML (2013)	Web: Returns specific data from the XML content by using the specified XPath This function is not available in Excel for the web.
FIND, FINDB	Text: Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)
F.INV (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
F.INV.RT (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
FINV	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
FISHER	Statistical: Returns the Fisher transformation
FISHERINV	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation
FIXED	Text: Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals
FLOOR	Compatibility: Rounds a number down, toward zero
FLOOR.MATH (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
FLOOR.PRECISE	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
FORECAST	Statistical: Returns a value along a linear trend This function has been replaced with FORECAST.LINEAR as part of the new Forecasting, but it's still available for compatibility with earlier versions.
FORECAST.ETS (2016)	Statistical: Returns a future value based on existing (historical) values by using the AAA version of the Exponential Smoothing (ETS) algorithm
FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT (2016)	Statistical: Returns a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified target date
FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY (2016)	Statistical: Returns the length of the repetitive pattern Excel detects for the specified time series
FORECAST.ETS.STAT (2016)	Statistical: Returns a statistical value as a result of time series forecasting
FORECAST.LINEAR (2016)	Statistical: Returns a future value based on existing values
FORMULATEXT (2013)	Lookup and reference: Returns the formula at the given reference as text
FREQUENCY	Statistical: Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array
F.TEST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the result of an F-test
FTEST	Compatibility: Returns the result of an F-test
FV	Financial: Returns the future value of an investment
FVSCHEDULE	Financial: Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates
GAMMA (2013)	Statistical: Returns the Gamma function value
GAMMA.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the gamma distribution
GAMMADIST	Compatibility: Returns the gamma distribution
GAMMA.INV (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
GAMMAINV	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
GAMMALN	Statistical: Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)
GAMMALN.PRECISE (2010)	Statistical: Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)
GAUSS (2013)	Statistical: Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution
GCD	Math and trigonometry: Returns the greatest common divisor
GEOMEAN	Statistical: Returns the geometric mean
GESTEP	Engineering: Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value
GETPIVOTDATA	Lookup and reference: Returns data stored in a PivotTable report
GROUPBY (Microsoft 365)	Lookup and reference: Helps a user group, aggregate, sort, and filter data based on the fields you specify
GROWTH	Statistical: Returns values along an exponential trend
HARMEAN	Statistical: Returns the harmonic mean
HEX2BIN	Engineering: Converts a hexadecimal number to binary
HEX2DEC	Engineering: Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal
HEX2OCT	Engineering: Converts a hexadecimal number to octal
HLOOKUP	Lookup and reference: Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell
HOUR	Date and time: Converts a serial number to an hour
HSTACK (2024)	Lookup and reference: Appends arrays horizontally and in sequence to return a larger array
HYPERLINK	Lookup and reference: Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet
HYPGEOM.DIST	Statistical: Returns the hypergeometric distribution
HYPGEOMDIST	Compatibility: Returns the hypergeometric distribution
IF	Logical: Specifies a logical test to perform
IFERROR	Logical: Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula
IFNA (2013)	Logical: Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression
IFS (2019)	Logical: Checks whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition.
IMABS	Engineering: Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number
IMAGE (2024)	Lookup and reference: Returns an image from a given source
IMAGINARY	Engineering: Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number
IMARGUMENT	Engineering: Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians
IMCONJUGATE	Engineering: Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number
IMCOS	Engineering: Returns the cosine of a complex number
IMCOSH (2013)	Engineering: Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number
IMCOT (2013)	Engineering: Returns the cotangent of a complex number
IMCSC (2013)	Engineering: Returns the cosecant of a complex number
IMCSCH (2013)	Engineering: Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number
IMDIV	Engineering: Returns the quotient of two complex numbers
IMEXP	Engineering: Returns the exponential of a complex number
IMLN	Engineering: Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG10	Engineering: Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG2	Engineering: Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number
IMPOWER	Engineering: Returns a complex number raised to an integer power
IMPRODUCT	Engineering: Returns the product of complex numbers
IMREAL	Engineering: Returns the real coefficient of a complex number
IMSEC (2013)	Engineering: Returns the secant of a complex number
IMSECH (2013)	Engineering: Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number
IMSIN	Engineering: Returns the sine of a complex number
IMSINH (2013)	Engineering: Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number
IMSQRT	Engineering: Returns the square root of a complex number
IMSUB	Engineering: Returns the difference between two complex numbers
IMSUM	Engineering: Returns the sum of complex numbers
IMTAN (2013)	Engineering: Returns the tangent of a complex number
INDEX	Lookup and reference: Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array
INDIRECT	Lookup and reference: Returns a reference indicated by a text value
INFO	Information: Returns information about the current operating environment This function is not available in Excel for the web.
INT	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number down to the nearest integer
INTERCEPT	Statistical: Returns the intercept of the linear regression line
INTRATE	Financial: Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security
IPMT	Financial: Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period
IRR	Financial: Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
ISBLANK	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is blank
ISERR	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A
ISERROR	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is any error value
ISEVEN	Information: Returns TRUE if the number is even
ISFORMULA (2013)	Information: Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula
ISLOGICAL	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value
ISNA	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value
ISNONTEXT	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is not text
ISNUMBER	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is a number
ISODD	Information: Returns TRUE if the number is odd
ISOMITTED (2024)	Information: Checks whether the value in a LAMBDA is missing and returns TRUE or FALSE
ISREF	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is a reference
ISTEXT	Information: Returns TRUE if the value is text
ISO.CEILING (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
ISOWEEKNUM (2013)	Date and time: Returns the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date
ISPMT	Financial: Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment
JIS	Text: Changes half-width (single-byte) characters within a string to full-width (double-byte) characters
KURT	Statistical: Returns the kurtosis of a data set
LAMBDA (2024)	Logical: Create custom, reusable and call them by a friendly name
LARGE	Statistical: Returns the k-th largest value in a data set
LCM	Math and trigonometry: Returns the least common multiple
LEFT, LEFTB	Text: Returns the leftmost characters from a text value
LEN, LENB	Text: Returns the number of characters in a text string
LET (2021)	Logical: Assigns names to calculation results
LINEST	Statistical: Returns the parameters of a linear trend
LN	Math and trigonometry: Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG	Math and trigonometry: Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
LOG10	Math and trigonometry: Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
LOGEST	Statistical: Returns the parameters of an exponential trend
LOGINV	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution
LOGNORM.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution
LOGNORMDIST	Compatibility: Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution
LOGNORM.INV (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution
LOOKUP	Lookup and reference: Looks up values in a vector or array
LOWER	Text: Converts text to lowercase
MAKEARRAY (2024)	Logical: Returns a calculated array of a specified row and column size, by applying a LAMBDA
MAP (2024)	Logical: Returns an array formed by mapping each value in the array(s) to a new value by applying a LAMBDA to create a new value
MATCH	Lookup and reference: Looks up values in a reference or array
MAX	Statistical: Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments
MAXA	Statistical: Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
MAXIFS (2019)	Statistical: Returns the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria
MDETERM	Math and trigonometry: Returns the matrix determinant of an array
MDURATION	Financial: Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100
MEDIAN	Statistical: Returns the median of the given numbers
MID, MIDB	Text: Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify
MIN	Statistical: Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments
MINIFS (2019)	Statistical: Returns the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria.
MINA	Statistical: Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
MINUTE	Date and time: Converts a serial number to a minute
MINVERSE	Math and trigonometry: Returns the matrix inverse of an array
MIRR	Financial: Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates
MMULT	Math and trigonometry: Returns the matrix product of two arrays
MOD	Math and trigonometry: Returns the remainder from division
MODE	Compatibility: Returns the most common value in a data set
MODE.MULT (2010)	Statistical: Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data
MODE.SNGL (2010)	Statistical: Returns the most common value in a data set
MONTH	Date and time: Converts a serial number to a month
MROUND	Math and trigonometry: Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple
MULTINOMIAL	Math and trigonometry: Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers
MUNIT (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension
N	Information: Returns a value converted to a number
NA	Information: Returns the error value #N/A
NEGBINOM.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the negative binomial distribution
NEGBINOMDIST	Compatibility: Returns the negative binomial distribution
NETWORKDAYS	Date and time: Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates
NETWORKDAYS.INTL (2010)	Date and time: Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days
NOMINAL	Financial: Returns the annual nominal interest rate
NORM.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the normal cumulative distribution
NORMDIST	Compatibility: Returns the normal cumulative distribution
NORMINV	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
NORM.INV (2010)	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
NORM.S.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORMSDIST	Compatibility: Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORM.S.INV (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORMSINV	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution
NOT	Logical: Reverses the logic of its argument
NOW	Date and time: Returns the serial number of the current date and time
NPER	Financial: Returns the number of periods for an investment
NPV	Financial: Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate
NUMBERVALUE (2013)	Text: Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner
OCT2BIN	Engineering: Converts an octal number to binary
OCT2DEC	Engineering: Converts an octal number to decimal
OCT2HEX	Engineering: Converts an octal number to hexadecimal
ODD	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
ODDFPRICE	Financial: Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period
ODDFYIELD	Financial: Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period
ODDLPRICE	Financial: Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period
ODDLYIELD	Financial: Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period
OFFSET	Lookup and reference: Returns a reference offset from a given reference
OR	Logical: Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE
PDURATION (2013)	Financial: Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value
PEARSON	Statistical: Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient
PERCENTILE.EXC (2010)	Statistical: Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0..1, exclusive
PERCENTILE.INC (2010)	Statistical: Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range
PERCENTILE	Compatibility: Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range
PERCENTOF (Microsoft 365)	Math and trigonometry: Sums the values in the subset and divides it by all the values
PERCENTRANK.EXC (2010)	Statistical: Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0..1, exclusive) of the data set
PERCENTRANK.INC (2010)	Statistical: Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set
PERCENTRANK	Compatibility: Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set
PERMUT	Statistical: Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects
PERMUTATIONA (2013)	Statistical: Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects
PHI (2013)	Statistical: Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution
PHONETIC	Text: Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string
PI	Math and trigonometry: Returns the value of pi
PIVOTBY (Microsoft 365)	Lookup and reference: Helps a user group, aggregate, sort, and filter data based on the row and column fields that you specify
PMT	Financial: Returns the periodic payment for an annuity
POISSON.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the Poisson distribution
POISSON	Compatibility: Returns the Poisson distribution
POWER	Math and trigonometry: Returns the result of a number raised to a power
PPMT	Financial: Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period
PRICE	Financial: Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest
PRICEDISC	Financial: Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security
PRICEMAT	Financial: Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity
PROB	Statistical: Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits
PRODUCT	Math and trigonometry: Multiplies its arguments
PROPER	Text: Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value
PV	Financial: Returns the present value of an investment
QUARTILE	Compatibility: Returns the quartile of a data set
QUARTILE.EXC (2010)	Statistical: Returns the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from 0..1, exclusive
QUARTILE.INC (2010)	Statistical: Returns the quartile of a data set
QUOTIENT	Math and trigonometry: Returns the integer portion of a division
RADIANS	Math and trigonometry: Converts degrees to radians
RAND	Math and trigonometry: Returns a random number between 0 and 1
RANDARRAY (2021)	Math and trigonometry: Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal values.
RANDBETWEEN	Math and trigonometry: Returns a random number between the numbers you specify
RANK.AVG (2010)	Statistical: Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RANK.EQ (2010)	Statistical: Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RANK	Compatibility: Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RATE	Financial: Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity
RECEIVED	Financial: Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security
REDUCE (2024)	Logical: Reduces an array to an accumulated value by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returning the total value in the accumulator
REGEXEXTRACT (Microsoft 365)	Text: Extracts strings within the provided text that matches the pattern
REGEXREPLACE (Microsoft 365)	Text: Replaces strings within the provided text that matches the pattern with replacement
REGEXTEST (Microsoft 365)	Text: Determines whether any part of text matches the pattern
REGISTER.ID	Add-in and Automation: Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been previously registered
REPLACE, REPLACEB	Text: Replaces characters within text
REPT	Text: Repeats text a given number of times
RIGHT, RIGHTB	Text: Returns the rightmost characters from a text value
ROMAN	Math and trigonometry: Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text
ROUND	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number to a specified number of digits
ROUNDDOWN	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number down, toward zero
ROUNDUP	Math and trigonometry: Rounds a number up, away from zero
ROW	Lookup and reference: Returns the row number of a reference
ROWS	Lookup and reference: Returns the number of rows in a reference
RRI (2013)	Financial: Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment
RSQ	Statistical: Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient
RTD	Lookup and reference: Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation
SCAN (2024)	Logical: Scans an array by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returns an array that has each intermediate value
SEARCH, SEARCHB	Text: Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)
SEC (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the secant of an angle
SECH (2013)	Math and trigonometry: Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle
SECOND	Date and time: Converts a serial number to a second
SEQUENCE (2021)	Math and trigonometry: Generates a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4
SERIESSUM	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula
SHEET (2013)	Information: Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet
SHEETS (2013)	Information: Returns the number of sheets in a reference
SIGN	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sign of a number
SIN	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sine of the given angle
SINH	Math and trigonometry: Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
SKEW	Statistical: Returns the skewness of a distribution
SKEW.P (2013)	Statistical: Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population: a characterization of the degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean
SLN	Financial: Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period
SLOPE	Statistical: Returns the slope of the linear regression line
SMALL	Statistical: Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set
SORT (2021)	Lookup and reference: Sorts the contents of a range or array
SORTBY (2021)	Lookup and reference: Sorts the contents of a range or array based on the values in a corresponding range or array
SQRT	Math and trigonometry: Returns a positive square root
SQRTPI	Math and trigonometry: Returns the square root of (number * pi)
STANDARDIZE	Statistical: Returns a normalized value
STOCKHISTORY (Microsoft 365)	Information: Retrieves historical data about a financial instrument
STDEV	Compatibility: Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
STDEV.P (2010)	Statistical: Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population
STDEV.S (2010)	Statistical: Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
STDEVA	Statistical: Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values
STDEVP	Compatibility: Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population
STDEVPA	Statistical: Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
STEYX	Statistical: Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression
STOCKHISTORY	Information: Retrieves historical data about a financial instrument and loads it as an array
SUBSTITUTE	Text: Substitutes new text for old text in a text string
SUBTOTAL	Math and trigonometry: Returns a subtotal in a list or database
SUM	Math and trigonometry: Adds its arguments
SUMIF	Math and trigonometry: Adds the cells specified by a given criteria
SUMIFS	Math and trigonometry: Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria
SUMPRODUCT	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components
SUMSQ	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments
SUMX2MY2	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
SUMX2PY2	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
SUMXMY2	Math and trigonometry: Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays
SWITCH (2019)	Logical: Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the result corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an optional default value may be returned.
SYD	Financial: Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period
T	Text: Converts its arguments to text
TAN	Math and trigonometry: Returns the tangent of a number
TANH	Math and trigonometry: Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
TAKE (2024)	Lookup and reference: Returns a specified number of contiguous rows or columns from the start or end of an array
TBILLEQ	Financial: Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill
TBILLPRICE	Financial: Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill
TBILLYIELD	Financial: Returns the yield for a Treasury bill
T.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution
T.DIST.2T (2010)	Statistical: Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution
T.DIST.RT (2010)	Statistical: Returns the Student's t-distribution
TDIST	Compatibility: Returns the Student's t-distribution
TEXT	Text: Formats a number and converts it to text
TEXTAFTER (2024)	Text: Returns text that occurs after given character or string
TEXTBEFORE (2024)	Text: Returns text that occurs before a given character or string
TEXTJOIN (2019)	Text: Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings
TEXTSPLIT (2024)	Text: Splits text strings by using column and row delimiters
TIME	Date and time: Returns the serial number of a particular time
TIMEVALUE	Date and time: Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number
T.INV (2010)	Statistical: Returns the t-value of the Student's t-distribution as a function of the probability and the degrees of freedom
T.INV.2T (2010)	Statistical: Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
TINV	Compatibility: Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
TOCOL (2024)	Lookup and reference: Returns the array in a single column
TOROW (2024)	Lookup and reference: Returns the array in a single row
TODAY	Date and time: Returns the serial number of today's date
TRANSLATE (Microsoft 365)	Text: Translates a text from one language to another
TRANSPOSE	Lookup and reference: Returns the transpose of an array
TREND	Statistical: Returns values along a linear trend
TRIM	Text: Removes spaces from text
TRIMMEAN	Statistical: Returns the mean of the interior of a data set
TRIMRANGE (Microsoft 365)	Lookup and reference: Scans in from the edges of a range or array until it finds a non-blank cell (or value), it then excludes those blank rows or columns
TRUE	Logical: Returns the logical value TRUE
TRUNC	Math and trigonometry: Truncates a number to an integer
T.TEST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test
TTEST	Compatibility: Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test
TYPE	Information: Returns a number indicating the data type of a value
UNICHAR (2013)	Text: Returns the Unicode character that is references by the given numeric value
UNICODE (2013)	Text: Returns the number (code point) that corresponds to the first character of the text
UNIQUE (2021)	Lookup and reference: Returns a list of unique values in a list or range
UPPER	Text: Converts text to uppercase
VALUE	Text: Converts a text argument to a number
VALUETOTEXT (2021)	Text: Returns text from any specified value
VAR	Compatibility: Estimates variance based on a sample
VAR.P (2010)	Statistical: Calculates variance based on the entire population
VAR.S (2010)	Statistical: Estimates variance based on a sample
VARA	Statistical: Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values
VARP	Compatibility: Calculates variance based on the entire population
VARPA	Statistical: Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
VDB	Financial: Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method
VLOOKUP	Lookup and reference: Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell
VSTACK (2024)	Look and reference: Appends arrays vertically and in sequence to return a larger array
WEBSERVICE (2013)	Web: Returns data from a web service. This function is not available in Excel for the web.
WEEKDAY	Date and time: Converts a serial number to a day of the week
WEEKNUM	Date and time: Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year
WEIBULL	Compatibility: Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
WEIBULL.DIST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the Weibull distribution
WORKDAY	Date and time: Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays
WORKDAY.INTL (2010)	Date and time: Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days
WRAPCOLS (2024)	Look and reference: Wraps the provided row or column of values by columns after a specified number of elements
WRAPROWS (2024)	Look and reference: Wraps the provided row or column of values by rows after a specified number of elements
XIRR	Financial: Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic
XLOOKUP (2021)	Lookup and reference: Searches a range or an array, and returns an item corresponding to the first match it finds. If a match doesn't exist, then XLOOKUP can return the closest (approximate) match.
XMATCH (2021)	Lookup and reference: Returns the relative position of an item in an array or range of cells.
XNPV	Financial: Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic
XOR (2013)	Logical: Returns a logical exclusive OR of all arguments
YEAR	Date and time: Converts a serial number to a year
YEARFRAC	Date and time: Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date
YIELD	Financial: Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest
YIELDDISC	Financial: Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill
YIELDMAT	Financial: Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity
Z.TEST (2010)	Statistical: Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test
ZTEST	Compatibility: Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

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Excel functions (alphabetical)

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